Jakarta, Sleep disturbance is one of the most common complaints found in patients who visit doctors. It is estimated that each year 20% -40% of adults have difficulty sleeping and 17% of them experienced serious problems.
Prevalence of sleep disorders each year tend to increase, it is also in accordance with increasing age and various causes. Research shows that sleep disorders increase the incidence of various diseases kardioserebrovaskuler. This is mainly associated with breathing disorders during sleep (sleep disordered breathing).
Impaired breathing during sleep
There are 2 kinds of breathing disorders during sleep patterns, namely Hypoapnea and Apnea. Hypoapnea narrowing of the airways characterized by 50% -80% for more than 10 seconds and a decline in oxygen saturation of more than 3%.
While sleep apnea is characterized by the narrowing of the airways more than 80% for more than 10 seconds and a decline in oxygen saturation of more than 3%.
There are three types of sleep apnea, which is central sleep apnea, upper airway obstructive apnea and a mixture of both.
Sleep apnea is a breathing disorder that occurs during sleep, which lasted for more than 10 seconds. It is said pathological sleep apnea if patients experienced episodes of apnea at least five times in one hour or 30 episodes of apnea during the night. During this periodic chest and abdominal wall movement is very dominant.
Central apnea often occurs in the elderly, characterized by intermittent reduction in the ability of respiration due to reduced oxygen saturation. Central apnea is characterized by a cessation of airflow and respiratory effort periodically during sleep, so that movement of chest and abdominal wall disappeared. It is possible damage to the brain stem or hypercapnia.
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